The situation and the role of coffee: Nicaraguan coffee made recent news, with a story on how organic coffee is losing its appeal to Nicaraguan coffee farmers. About 10% of the country’s coffee exports are organic, but producers feel there isn’t enough of a price premium to make the lower yields and extra effort (and certification costs) to produce organic coffees worthwhile. Higher demand and increased volume of organic coffee worldwide has lowered prices, and according to the article, farmers are sometimes only receiving $1.05/lb for organic beans.
Nicaragua has suffered through civil war and natural disasters. In 1998, Hurricane Mitch devastated the region and displaced many coffee farmers. Coffee is an extremely important export crop, and 200,000 Nicaraguans depend on the industry.
Birds in coffee-growing regions: Organic and shade coffee are crucial for biodiversity in this country. Many of North America’s breeding birds — such as Blue-winged Warbler, Least Flycatcher, and the endangered Golden-cheeked Warbler — winter in Nicaragua. Here’s a list from Smithsonian.
In addition to migratory birds, coffee-growing areas of Nicaragua are critical to resident birds. They are included in the North Central American Highlands Endemic Bird Area(EBA). EBAs are designated by BirdLife International as areas which have a high percentage of species with restricted ranges. This EBA is given urgent conservation priority, and the account states, “The montane forests are especially affected at 1,000-1,800 m by the growing of coffee without shade trees.”
About Nicaraguan coffee: Coffee in Nicaragua is often grown under dense shade. Coffee is usually wet-milled at the farm. The profile of coffee from this country is best described as very approachable, clean, and with good balance. Kenneth Davids of Coffee Review considers Nicaraguans “subtle, suave, and lyric.”
The C&C tasting panel and I have tried several organic Nicaraguan coffees: from Heine Brothers, Great Lakes Roasting Company, and the Counter Culture Matagalpa Cafe San Ramon listed below. These coffees are classic coffees, friendly and subtle, medium-bodied and straight-forward. They are not especially complex, and serve asgreat all-day coffees that would be excellent introductions to tasty, sustainable coffee for your Folger-swilling friends.
My favorite Nicaraguan is the Counter Culture; note that they also market the Matagalpa San Ramon as one of their shade-grown Sanctuary coffees, available at retail outlets such as Whole Foods. There are delicious hints of chocolate in this coffee, which is especially good in any kind of immersion brewer, such as a french press. Counter Culture has a strong relationship with growers in this region through theSister Communities of San Ramon. The farm, Finca Esperanza Verde, has an ecolodge and a butterfly farm, and like the rest of the area, is a great birdwatching destination. The Counter Culture involvement is a perfect model of relationship coffee.